Sedimentary structures of the western part of the Indo-Gangetic Plain and Siwalik Himalaya inferred from receiver function inversion

Author:

Das Amlanjyoti12,Hazarika Devajit1,Kundu Abhishek1,Kumar Naresh1,Yadav Dilip K1

Affiliation:

1. Geophysics Division, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology , 33 GMS Road, Dehradun 248001 , India

2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 , India

Abstract

SUMMARY We investigated sedimentary thickness and shear wave velocity structure in the western part of the Indo-Gangetic Plain (Punjab and Haryana Plain) and adjoining Siwalik Himalaya with the help of receiver function inversion at 20 broad-band seismological stations. This region is one of the most seismically vulnerable zones of the world due to the presence of thick surface sediments in the foreland basin that can amplify seismic waves and cause huge damage due to the earthquakes of the Himalaya. The study reveals a progressive thickening of sediments from southwest to northeast. The basement depth varies from ∼1.5 to 1.7 km in the Central Alluvium Plain, ∼1.8 to 2.8 km in the Zone of Terminal Fans, and attains a maximum of ∼3.8 km near the Himalayan Frontal Thrust. The inverted models show the presence of soft alluvial with extremely low Vs (< 0.5 km s−1) and high Vp/Vs (∼2.5–3.0) at the top ∼400–700 m of the surface at most of the stations. A comparatively higher velocity of surface sediments observed at northern stations suggests the presence of compact sediments at the surface. The layered sedimentary structure revealed by the S-wave velocity models supports the previous geophysical investigations using borehole data. The velocity–depth structure obtained in this study is important for evaluating the seismic hazard of the densely populated urban areas spread over this region.

Funder

Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Geochemistry and Petrology,Geophysics

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