Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza Hospitalization and Emergency Department Visits in 2 A(H3N2) Dominant Influenza Seasons Among Children <18 Years Old—New Vaccine Surveillance Network 2016–2017 and 2017

Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza Hospitalization and Emergency Department Visits in 2 A(H3N2) Dominant Influenza Seasons Among Children <18 Years Old—New Vaccine Surveillance Network 2016–2017 and 2017–2018

Published:2021-12-24 Issue: Volume: Page:
ISSN:0022-1899
Container-title:The Journal of Infectious Diseases
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Kim Sara S¹,Naioti Eric A¹²,Halasa Natasha B³,Stewart Laura S³,Williams John V⁴,Michaels Marian G⁴,Selvarangan Rangaraj⁵⁶^ORCID,Harrison Christopher J⁵,Staat Mary A⁷,Schlaudecker Elizabeth P⁷,Weinberg Geoffrey A⁸,Szilagyi Peter G⁸⁹,Boom Julie A¹⁰¹¹,Sahni Leila C¹⁰¹¹,Englund Janet A¹²,Klein Eileen J¹²,Ogokeh Constance E¹,Campbell Angela P¹,Patel Manish M¹,Hickey Robert W,Piedra Pedro A,Munoz Flor M,Avadhanula Vasanthi,Schuster Jennifer E,Pahud Barbara A,Weddle Gina,Moffatt Mary E,Albertin Christina,Fregoe Wende,McNeal Monica,

Affiliation:

1. Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

2. Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

3. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA

4. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

5. Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases Division, Children’s Mercy–Kansas City and University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA

6. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Mercy–Kansas City and University of Missouri–Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA

7. Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

8. University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA

9. University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA

10. Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA

11. Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA

12. Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA

Abstract

Abstract Studies have shown egg-adaptive mutations in influenza vaccine strains that might have impaired protection against circulating A(H3N2) influenza viruses during the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 seasons. We used the test-negative design and multivariable models to assess vaccine effectiveness against influenza-associated hospitalization and emergency department visits among children (<18 years old) during the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 seasons. Effectiveness was 71% (95% confidence interval, 59%–79%), 46% (35%–55%), and 45% (33%–55%) against A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and B viruses respectively, across both seasons. During high-severity seasons with concerns for vaccine mismatch, vaccination offered substantial protection against severe influenza outcomes requiring hospitalization or emergency department visits among children.

Funder

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Immunology and Allergy

Link

https://academic.oup.com/jid/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/infdis/jiab624/42243312/jiab624.pdf

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