1. Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
2. Division of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
3. Sanda City Hospital, Sanda, Japan
4. Sonezaki Furubayashi Clinic, Osaka, Japan
5. Kameoka Clinic, Osaka, Japan
6. Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan
7. WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and Other STIs, National Reference Laboratory for STIs, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden