Leaf-level metabolic changes in response to drought affect daytime CO2 emission and isoprenoid synthesis pathways

Author:

Ladd S Nemiah123ORCID,Daber L Erik12ORCID,Bamberger Ines124,Kübert Angelika125,Kreuzwieser Jürgen12,Purser Gemma67,Ingrisch Johannes128,Deleeuw Jason9,van Haren Joost910,Meredith Laura K911,Werner Christiane12

Affiliation:

1. Ecosystem Physiology , Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, , Georges–Köhler–Allee 053/054, Freiburg 79110 , Germany

2. University of Freiburg , Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, , Georges–Köhler–Allee 053/054, Freiburg 79110 , Germany

3. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel , Bernoullistrasse 30, Basel 4056 , Switzerland

4. Atmospheric Chemistry Group , University of Bayreuth (BayCEER), Dr–Hans–Frisch–Straße 1–3, Bayreuth 95448 , Germany

5. Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research , University of Helsinki, Pietari Kalmin katu 5, Helsinki 00014 , Finland

6. School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh , Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ , UK

7. UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology , Bush Estate, Penicuik EH26 0QB , UK

8. Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck , Sternwartestrasse 15, Innsbruck 6020 , Austria

9. Biosphere 2, University of Arizona , 32540 S. Biosphere Rd, Oracle, AZ 85739 , USA

10. Honors College, University of Arizona , 1101 E. Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85719 , USA

11. School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona , 1064 E. Lowell St., Tucson, AZ, 85721 , USA

Abstract

Abstract In the near future, climate change will cause enhanced frequency and/or severity of droughts in terrestrial ecosystems, including tropical forests. Drought responses by tropical trees may affect their carbon use, including production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with implications for carbon cycling and atmospheric chemistry that are challenging to predict. It remains unclear how metabolic adjustments by mature tropical trees in response to drought will affect their carbon fluxes associated with daytime CO2 production and VOC emission. To address this gap, we used position-specific 13C-pyruvate labeling to investigate leaf CO2 and VOC fluxes from four tropical species before and during a controlled drought in the enclosed rainforest of Biosphere 2 (B2). Overall, plants that were more drought-sensitive had greater reductions in daytime CO2 production. Although daytime CO2 production was always dominated by non-mitochondrial processes, the relative contribution of CO2 from the tricarboxylic acid cycle tended to increase under drought. A notable exception was the legume tree Clitoria fairchildiana R.A. Howard, which had less anabolic CO2 production than the other species even under pre-drought conditions, perhaps due to more efficient refixation of CO2 and anaplerotic use for amino acid synthesis. The C. fairchildiana was also the only species to allocate detectable amounts of 13C label to VOCs and was a major source of VOCs in B2. In C. fairchildiana leaves, our data indicate that intermediates from the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway are used to produce the volatile monoterpene trans-β-ocimene, but not isoprene. This apparent crosstalk between the MVA and methylerythritol phosphate pathways for monoterpene synthesis declined with drought. Finally, although trans-β-ocimene emissions increased under drought, it was increasingly sourced from stored intermediates and not de novo synthesis. Unique metabolic responses of legumes may play a disproportionate role in the overall changes in daytime CO2 and VOC fluxes in tropical forests experiencing drought.

Funder

European Research Council

Philecology Foundation

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Plant Science,Physiology

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