1. Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
2. Department of Information Sciences and Technology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
3. Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, New York, USA
4. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
5. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA