Partitioning variance in cortical morphometry into genetic, environmental, and subject-specific components

Author:

Smith Diana M1234ORCID,Parekh Pravesh56,Kennedy Joseph34,Loughnan Robert7,Frei Oleksandr5689,Nichols Thomas E101112,Andreassen Ole A56,Jernigan Terry L3131415,Dale Anders M413141516

Affiliation:

1. Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 , USA

2. Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 , USA

3. Center for Human Development, University of California , San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 , USA

4. Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 , USA

5. NORMENT , Division of Mental Health and Addiction, , Problemveien 11, 0313 Oslo , Norway

6. Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Division of Mental Health and Addiction, , Problemveien 11, 0313 Oslo , Norway

7. Population Neuroscience and Genetics Lab, University of California San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 , USA

8. Centre for Bioinformatics , Department of Informatics, , Problemveien 11, 0313 Oslo , Norway

9. University of Oslo , Department of Informatics, , Problemveien 11, 0313 Oslo , Norway

10. Big Data Institute , Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Population Health, , Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK

11. University of Oxford , Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Population Health, , Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK

12. Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging , FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK

13. Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 , USA

14. Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 , USA

15. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 , USA

16. Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego School of Medicine , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 , USA

Abstract

Abstract The relative contributions of genetic variation and experience in shaping the morphology of the adolescent brain are not fully understood. Using longitudinal data from 11,665 subjects in the ABCD Study, we fit vertex-wise variance components including family effects, genetic effects, and subject-level effects using a computationally efficient framework. Variance in cortical thickness and surface area is largely attributable to genetic influence, whereas sulcal depth is primarily explained by subject-level effects. Our results identify areas with heterogeneous distributions of heritability estimates that have not been seen in previous work using data from cortical regions. We discuss the biological importance of subject-specific variance and its implications for environmental influences on cortical development and maturation.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme

Kavli Innovative Research

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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