Fasting Concentrations and Postprandial Response of 1,2-Dicarbonyl Compounds 3-Deoxyglucosone, Glyoxal, and Methylglyoxal Are Not Increased in Healthy Older Adults

Author:

Herpich Catrin12ORCID,Kochlik Bastian1,Weber Daniela3ORCID,Ott Christiane34,Grune Tilman23,Norman Kristina15,Raupbach Jana3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany

2. University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Nuthetal, Germany

3. Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany

4. German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany

5. Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Abstract

Abstract Dicarbonyl stress describes the increased formation of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds and is associated with age-related pathologies. The role of dicarbonyl stress in healthy aging is poorly understood. In a preliminary study, we analyzed 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, namely 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), glyoxal (GO), and methylglyoxal (MGO) in plasma of older (25 months, n = 11) and younger (5 months, n = 14) male C57BL/6J (B6) mice via ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Postprandial 3-DG was higher in younger compared to older mice, whereas no differences were found for GO and MGO. Subsequently, in the main study, we analyzed fasting serum of older women (OW, 72.4 ± 6.14 years, n = 19) and younger women (YW, 27.0 ± 4.42 years, n = 19) as well as older men (OM, 74.3 ± 5.20 years, n = 15) and younger men (YM, 27.0 ± 3.34, n = 15). Serum glucose, insulin, 1,2-dicarbonyl concentrations, and markers of oxidative stress were quantified. In a subgroup of this cohort, an oral dextrose challenge was performed, and postprandial response of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, glucose, and insulin were measured. In women, there were no age differences regarding fasting 1,2-dicarbonyl concentrations nor the response after the oral dextrose challenge. In men, fasting MGO was significantly higher in OM compared to YM (median: 231 vs 158 nM, p = .006), whereas no age differences in fasting 3-DG and GO concentrations were found. Glucose (310 ± 71.8 vs 70.8 ± 11.9 min·mmol/L) and insulin (7 149 ± 1 249 vs 2 827 ± 493 min·µIU/mL) response were higher in OM compared to YM, which did not translate into a higher 1,2-dicarbonyl response in older individuals. Overall, aging does not necessarily result in dicarbonyl stress, indicating that strategies to cope with 1,2-dicarbonyl formation can remain intact.

Funder

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Geriatrics and Gerontology,Aging

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