Mapping and evaluating kinematics and the stress and strain field at active faults and fissures: a comparison between field and drone data at the NE rift, Mt Etna (Italy)
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Published:2021-04-13
Issue:4
Volume:12
Page:801-816
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ISSN:1869-9529
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Container-title:Solid Earth
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Solid Earth
Author:
Tibaldi Alessandro, Corti NoemiORCID, De Beni Emanuela, Bonali Fabio Luca, Falsaperla SusannaORCID, Langer Horst, Neri MarcoORCID, Cantarero Massimo, Reitano DaniloORCID, Fallati Luca
Abstract
Abstract. We collected drone data to quantify the kinematics at extensional fractures
and normal faults, integrated this information with seismological data to
reconstruct the stress field, and critically compared the results with
previous fieldwork to assess the best practice. As a key site, we analyzed a
sector of the northeast rift of Mt Etna, an area affected by continuous
ground deformation linked to gravity sliding of the volcano's eastern flank
and dike injections. The studied sector is characterized also by the
existence of eruptive craters and fissures and lava flows. This work shows
that this rift segment is affected by a series of NNE- to NE-striking,
parallel extensional fractures characterized by an opening mode along an
average N105.7∘ vector. The stress field is characterized by a
σHmin trending northwest–southeast. Normal faults strike parallel to the
extensional fractures. The extensional strain obtained by cumulating the net
offset at extensional fractures with the fault heave gives a stretching
ratio of 1.003 in the northeastern part of the study area and 1.005 in the
southwestern part. Given a maximum age of 1614 CE for the offset lavas,
we obtained an extension rate of 1.9 cm yr−1 for the last 406 years. This value
is consistent with the slip along the Pernicana Fault system, confirming
that the NE rift structures accommodate the sliding of the eastern flank of the volcano.
Funder
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Paleontology,Stratigraphy,Earth-Surface Processes,Geochemistry and Petrology,Geology,Geophysics,Soil Science
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