Viscosity and physical state of sucrose mixed with ammonium sulfate droplets
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Published:2022-07-08
Issue:13
Volume:22
Page:8805-8817
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ISSN:1680-7324
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Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.
Author:
Jeong Rani, Lilek JosephORCID, Zuend AndreasORCID, Xu Rongshuang, Chan Man Nin, Kim Dohyun, Moon Hi Gyu, Song Mijung
Abstract
Abstract. Although knowledge of the physical state of aerosol particles is essential to understand atmospheric chemistry model and measurements, information
on the viscosity and physical state of aerosol particles consisting of organic and inorganic salts is still rare. Herein, we quantified viscosities
at 293 ± 1 K upon dehydration for the binary systems, sucrose–H2O and ammonium sulfate (AS)–H2O, and the
ternary systems, sucrose–AS–H2O for organic-to-inorganic dry mass ratios (OIRs) = 4:1, 1:1, and 1:4 using bead-mobility and
poke-and-flow techniques. Based on the viscosity value of the aerosol particles, we defined the physical states of the total aerosol particles
studied in this work. For binary systems, the viscosity of sucrose–H2O particles gradually increased from ∼ 4 × 10−1
to > ∼ 1 × 108 Pa s when the relative humidity (RH) decreased from ∼ 81 % to ∼ 24 %, ranging from
liquid to semisolid or solid state, which agrees with previous studies. The viscosity of AS–H2O particles remained in the liquid
state (< 102 Pa s) for RH > ∼ 50 %, while for RH ≤∼ 50 %, the particles showed a viscosity
of > ∼ 1 × 1012 Pa s, corresponding to a solid state. In case of the ternary systems, the viscosity of organic-rich
particles (OIR = 4:1) gradually increased from ∼ 1 × 10−1 to ∼ 1 × 108 Pa s for a RH decrease
from ∼ 81 % to ∼ 18 %, similar to the binary sucrose–H2O particles. This indicates that the
sucrose–AS–H2O particles range from liquid to semisolid or solid across the RH. In the ternary particles for OIR = 1:1, the
viscosities ranged from less than ∼ 1 × 102 for RH > 34 % to > ∼ 1 × 108 Pa s at
∼ 27 % RH. The viscosities correspond to liquid for RH > ∼ 34 %, semisolid for
∼ 34 % < RH < ∼ 27 %, and semisolid or solid for RH < ∼ 27 %. Compared to the organic-rich particles, in
the inorganic-rich particles (OIR = 1:4), drastic enhancement in viscosity was observed as RH decreased; the viscosity increased by
approximately 8 orders of magnitude during a decrease in RH from 43 % to 25 %, resulting in liquid to semisolid or solid in the RH
range. Overall, all particles studied in this work were observed to exist as a liquid, semisolid, or solid depending on the RH. Furthermore, we
compared the measured viscosities of ternary systems with OIRs of 4:1, 1:1, and 1:4 to the predicted viscosities using the Aerosol
Inorganic–Organic Mixtures Functional groups Activity Coefficients Viscosity model (AIOMFAC-VISC) predictions with the Zdanovskii–Stokes–Robinson
(ZSR) organic–inorganic mixing model, with excellent model–measurement agreement for all OIRs.
Funder
National Research Foundation of Korea Environment and Climate Change Canada Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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