Satellite quantification of oil and natural gas methane emissions in the US and Canada including contributions from individual basins

Abstract

Abstract. We use satellite methane observations from the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), from May 2018 to February 2020, to quantify methane emissions from individual oil and natural gas (O/G) basins in the US and Canada using a high-resolution (~ 25 km) atmospheric inverse analysis. Our satellite-derived emission estimates show good consistency with in-situ field measurements (R2 = 0.92) in 14 O/G basins distributed across the US and Canada. Aggregating our results to the national scale, we obtain O/G-related methane emission estimates of 12.6 ± 2.1 Tg a-1 for the US and 2.2 ± 0.6 Tg a-1 for Canada, respectively 80 % and 40 % higher than the national inventories reported to the United Nations. About 70 % of the discrepancy in the EPA inventory can be attributed to five O/G basins: the Permian, Haynesville, Anadarko, Eagle Ford and Barnett Basin, which in total account for 40 % of US emissions. We show more generally that our TROPOMI inversion framework can quantify methane emissions exceeding 0.2–0.5 Tg a-1 from individual O/G basins, thus providing an effective tool for monitoring methane emissions from large O/G basins globally.