Inversion of accommodation zones in salt-bearing extensional systems: insights from analog modeling
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Published:2023-07-12
Issue:7
Volume:14
Page:709-739
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ISSN:1869-9529
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Container-title:Solid Earth
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Solid Earth
Author:
Wilson Elizabeth Parker, Granado PabloORCID, Santolaria PabloORCID, Ferrer OriolORCID, Muñoz Josep Anton
Abstract
Abstract. This work uses sandbox analog models to analyze the
formation and subsequent inversion of a decoupled extensional system
comprised of two segmented half-grabens separated by a diffuse accommodation
zone with thick early syn-rift salt. The segmented half-grabens strike
perpendicular to the direction of extension and subsequent shortening.
Rifting first created a basement topography that was infilled by model salt,
followed by a second phase of extension and sedimentation, followed
afterwards by inversion. During the second phase of extension, syn-rift
syncline minibasins developed above the basement extensional system and
extended beyond the confines of the fault blocks. Sedimentary downbuilding
and extension initiated the migration of model salt to the basement highs,
forming salt anticlines, reactive diapirs, and salt walls perpendicular to
the direction of extension, except for along the intervening accommodation
zone where a slightly oblique salt anticline developed. Inversion resulted
in decoupled cover and basement thrust systems. Thrusts in the cover system
nucleated along squeezed salt structures and along primary welds. New
primary welds developed where the cover sequence touched down on basement
thrust tips due to uplift, salt extrusion, and syn-contractional
downbuilding caused by the loading of syn-contractional sedimentation. Model
geometries reveal the control imposed by the basement configuration and
distribution of salt in the development of a thrust front from the inversion
of a salt-bearing extensional system. In 3D, the interaction of salt
migrating from adjacent syn-rift basins can modify the expected salt
structure geometry, which may in turn influence the location and style of
thrust in the cover sequence upon inversion. Results are compared to the
Northern Lusitanian Basin, offshore Portugal, and the Isábena area of the South-Central Pyrenees, Spain.
Funder
Generalitat de Catalunya Fundació Bosch i Gimpera Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Paleontology,Stratigraphy,Earth-Surface Processes,Geochemistry and Petrology,Geology,Geophysics,Soil Science
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