Summer sea ice floe perimeter density in the Arctic: high-resolution optical satellite imagery and model evaluation
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Published:2023-08-25
Issue:8
Volume:17
Page:3575-3591
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ISSN:1994-0424
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Container-title:The Cryosphere
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language:en
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Short-container-title:The Cryosphere
Author:
Wang YananORCID, Hwang ByongjunORCID, Bateson Adam WilliamORCID, Aksenov YevgenyORCID, Horvat ChristopherORCID
Abstract
Abstract. Size distribution of sea ice floes is an important
component for sea ice thermodynamic and dynamic processes, particularly in
the marginal ice zone. Recently processes related to the floe size
distribution (FSD) have been incorporated into sea ice models, but the
sparsity of existing observations limits the evaluation of FSD models, thus
hindering model improvements. In this study, perimeter density has been
applied to characterise the floe size distribution for evaluating three FSD
models – the Waves-in-Ice module and Power law Floe Size Distribution (WIPoFSD)
model and two branches of a fully prognostic floe size-thickness
distribution model: CPOM-FSD and FSDv2-WAVE. These models are evaluated
against a new FSD dataset derived from high-resolution satellite imagery in
the Arctic. The evaluation shows an overall overestimation of floe perimeter
density by the models against the observations. Comparison of the floe
perimeter density distribution with the observations shows that the models
exhibit a much larger proportion for small floes (radius <10–30 m) but a much smaller proportion for large floes (radius >30–50 m). Observations and the WIPoFSD model both show a negative
correlation between sea ice concentration and the floe perimeter density,
but the two prognostic models (CPOM-FSD and FSDv2-WAVE) show the opposite
pattern. These differences between models and the observations may be
attributed to limitations in the observations (e.g. the image resolution is
not sufficient to detect small floes) or limitations in the model
parameterisations, including the use of a global power-law exponent in the
WIPoFSD model as well as too weak a floe welding and enhanced wave fracture
in the prognostic models.
Funder
Natural Environment Research Council National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Earth-Surface Processes,Water Science and Technology
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