CLM5-FruitTree: a new sub-model for deciduous fruit trees in the Community Land Model (CLM5)
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Published:2022-07-06
Issue:13
Volume:15
Page:5167-5193
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ISSN:1991-9603
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Container-title:Geoscientific Model Development
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Geosci. Model Dev.
Author:
Dombrowski Olga, Brogi CosimoORCID, Hendricks Franssen Harrie-Jan, Zanotelli DamianoORCID, Bogena HeyeORCID
Abstract
Abstract. The inclusion of perennial, woody crops in land surface
models (LSMs) is crucial for addressing their role in carbon (C) sequestration, food production, and water requirements under climate change. To help quantify the biogeochemical and biogeophysical processes associated with these
agroecosystems, we developed and tested a new sub-model, CLM5-FruitTree, for deciduous fruit orchards within the framework of the Community Land
Model version 5 (CLM5). The model development included (1) a new perennial
crop phenology description, (2) an adapted C and nitrogen allocation scheme,
considering both storage and photosynthetic growth of annual and perennial
plant organs, (3) typical management practices associated with fruit
orchards, and (4) the parameterization of an apple plant functional type.
CLM5-FruitTree was tested using extensive field measurements from an apple
orchard in South Tyrol, Italy. Growth and partitioning of biomass to the
individual plant components were well represented by CLM5-FruitTree, and average yield was predicted within 2.3 % of the observed values despite
low simulated inter-annual variability compared to observations. The
simulated seasonal course of C, energy, and water fluxes was in good
agreement with the eddy covariance (EC) measurements owing to the accurate
representation of the prolonged growing season and typical leaf area
development of the orchard. We found that gross primary production, net
radiation, and latent heat flux were highly correlated (r>0.94)
with EC measurements and showed little bias (<±5 %).
Simulated respiration components, sensible heat, and soil heat flux were less consistent with observations. This was attributed to simplifications in
the orchard structure and to the presence of additional management practices
that are not yet represented in CLM5-FruitTree. Finally, the results
suggested that the representation of microbial and autotrophic respiration and energy partitioning in complex, discontinuous canopies in CLM5 requires
further attention. The new CLM5-FruitTree sub-model improved the representation of agricultural systems in CLM5 and can be used to study land
surface processes in fruit orchards at the local, regional, or larger scale.
Funder
Horizon 2020 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
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