Time evolution of temperature profiles retrieved from 13 years of infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer (IASI) data using an artificial neural network
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Published:2022-03-24
Issue:6
Volume:15
Page:1779-1793
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ISSN:1867-8548
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Container-title:Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Meas. Tech.
Author:
Bouillon MarieORCID, Safieddine SarahORCID, Whitburn Simon, Clarisse Lieven, Aires FilipeORCID, Pellet VictorORCID, Lezeaux Olivier, Scott Noëlle A., Doutriaux-Boucher Marie, Clerbaux Cathy
Abstract
Abstract. The three infrared atmospheric sounding interferometers
(IASIs), launched in 2006, 2012, and 2018, are key instruments to weather
forecasting, and most meteorological centres assimilate IASI nadir radiance
data into atmospheric models to feed their forecasts. The European Organisation for the Exploitation of
Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT)
recently released a reprocessed homogeneous radiance record for the whole
IASI observation period, from which 13 years (2008–2020) of
temperature profiles can be obtained. In this work, atmospheric temperatures
at different altitudes are retrieved from IASI radiances measured in the
carbon dioxide absorption bands (654–800 and 2250–2400 cm−1)
by selecting the channels that are the most sensitive to the temperature at
different altitudes. We rely on an artificial neural network (ANN) to
retrieve atmospheric temperatures from a selected set of IASI radiances. We
trained the ANN with IASI radiances as input and the European Centre for
Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis version 5 (ERA5) as
output. The retrieved temperatures were validated with ERA5, with in situ
radiosonde temperatures from the Analysed RadioSoundings Archive (ARSA)
network and with EUMETSAT temperatures retrieved from IASI radiances using a
different method. Between 750 and 7 hPa, where IASI is most sensitive to
temperature, a good agreement is observed between the three datasets: the
differences between IASI on one hand and ERA5, ARSA, or EUMETSAT on the
other hand are usually less than 0.5 K at these altitudes. At 2 hPa, as the
IASI sensitivity decreases, we found differences up to 2 K between IASI and
the three validation datasets. We then computed atmospheric temperature
linear trends from atmospheric temperatures between 750 and 2 hPa. We found
that in the past 13 years, there is a general warming trend of the
troposphere that is more important at the poles and at mid-latitudes (0.5 K/decade at mid-latitudes, 1 K/decade at the North Pole). The stratosphere
is globally cooling on average, except at the South Pole as a result of the
ozone layer recovery and a sudden stratospheric warming in 2019. The cooling
is most pronounced in the equatorial upper stratosphere (−1 K/decade). This
work shows that ANN can be a powerful and simple tool to retrieve IASI
temperatures at different altitudes in the upper troposphere and in the
stratosphere, allowing us to construct a homogeneous and consistent
temperature data record adapted to trend analysis.
Funder
H2020 European Research Council
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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