Artificial Intelligence’s Role in Shaping Renewable Energy for Next-Generation Smart Cities

Abstract

This review article explores the perspective of artificial intelligence (AI) in shaping the future of smart cities, with a particular focus on the integration of renewable energy solutions. The smart city and AI perspective has gained significant attention in urban policy circles, yet many initiatives have faced challenges due to narrow, technology-centric approaches. In response, this paper advocates for a “green AI” approach that prioritises sustainability and equity alongside efficiency in urban development. Through a comprehensive analysis of AI and smart city literature, practices, trends, and applications, this review identifies critical research gaps, stressing the need for AI systems that promote sustainability, efficiency, and fairness in urban contexts. In light of pressing issues like climate change, overpopulation, and resource depletion, the urgency of AI-driven urban solutions is evident. The article examines Smart Cities in Spain and compares them to conventional cities, offering insights into strategic technological measures across areas such as economics, sustainability, transportation, governance, population management, and quality of life. It underscores AI’s potential to transform traditional cities into smart, sustainable urban hubs, contributing to the broader discourse on AI’s role in shaping the cities of tomorrow.