Energy saving Architecture: Background, Theory and Practice in Kyrgyzstan

Abstract

This paper for the first time presents a set of background, theory and practice of energy saving architecture of buildings that allows harmonization of appropriate thermal “behaviour” of the building itself with the energy saving behavioural actions of the people in it depending on year-round and daily dynamics of renewable energy of an environment and incoming solar radiation. Energy saving architecture offers a solution to the two-fold task of saving energy and ensuring acceptable internal conditions due to the beneficial influence of natural processes of the building and human behaviour. It is aimed to provide year-round acceptable parameters for the internal microclimate and sanitary-hygiene conditions and to minimize heating, cooling, and ventilation energy consumption. This paper presents the derivation of the formula on the dimensionless indicator of the building’s energy efficient form; its values of the real building forms; examples of solved computational optimization of the location, orientation, and size of the building, and its rooms and thermal envelope components (especially windows and doors). Considerations include issues of minimizing the effect of thermal bridges, especially architectural ones, as well as the structural and operational bridges from the author’s classification. The architectural, constructional, and operational practices are demonstrated by: passive gain and prevention of solar heating; heating and cooling by natural ventilation.