Profile of Bromelain Enzyme Extracts by Different Precipitation Methods and Effect of pH and Temperature on Protease Activity

Abstract

Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme in pineapple that can be processed into a feed additive. This research used pineapple peel to obtain bromelain through extraction and precipitation, with twelve treatments: crude extract (T0), bromelain precipitation with ethanol 90%(T1), 80%(T2), 70%(T3), 60%(T4), 50%(T5), 40%(T6), 30%(T7), and ammonium sulfate 60%(T8), 50%(T9), 40%(T10), 30%(T11), 20%(T12). The results showed significant differences in total protein and enzyme activity. Treatments of T0 and T1 produced the highest total protein (p>0.05) but had considerable effect with other treatments (p<0.05). The results of the enzyme activity test showed treatments T0, T1, T2, and T8 did not have a significant effect (p>0.05) but had a considerable effect with other treatments (p<0.05). The crude enzyme extract has greater potential to be used as a feed additive because it is more efficient and affordable and has almost the same quality as 80%, 90% ethanol, and 60% ammonium sulfate treatment in terms of total protein and enzyme activity.