Developing a Single-Specimen Technique for Low-Temperature R-Curve Determination of Asphalt Concrete Using a Modified Unloading Compliance Method

Abstract

Fracture resistance curves (R-curves) have served as a robust tool in characterizing the entire fracture process of engineering materials. However, obtaining such curves for asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures is cumbersome due to the non-linear inelastic behavior of the mixtures. In this research, a single-specimen technique is developed based on the unloading compliance method which is used for metals. AC mixtures with limestone aggregate and PG58-22 binder were prepared. Beam specimens were fabricated and single-edge notched beam (SE(B)) fracture testing was conducted at low temperatures. A loading-partial unloading regime was used in the experiments and crack growth increments were captured by digital images throughout the tests. Using a multi-variable regression analysis, modified compliance equations were obtained for AC and R-curves of the mixtures could be constructed. It was revealed that the R-curve developed by ASTM E1820 compliance method could potentially overestimate the resistance of the mixtures against low-temperature fracture. The constructed R-curve exhibits a lower semi-vertical region addressing lower resistance of the mixture in the crack blunting phase. Also, the post-peak phase of the fracture shows a significantly lower slope in the constructed R-curve which denotes lower resistance of the mixture against unstable crack propagation.