Embrittlement of Steels by Liquid Zinc: Crack Propagation after Grain Boundary Wetting

Author:

Frappier Renaud1,Paillard Pascal1,Le Gall René1,Dupuy Thomas2

Affiliation:

1. Université de Nantes

2. ArcelorMittal R&D

Abstract

This study characterizes the mechanical behavior of an advanced multiphase high strength steel by means of high temperature tensile testing. The results show a drastic reduction of the maximum tensile elongation from around 700 °C up to 950°C. Scanning electron microscopy investigations show that the temperature range for embrittlement is correlated with the total wetting of steel grain boundaries. Under external strain, crack propagates along the grain boundaries according to a mechanism that leads to the presence of nanometer-thick films of Zn at the crack tip, as shown by fine X-ray spectroscopy analyses. The effective temperature range for embrittlement is discussed. Mechanisms of i) external stress-free wetting, and ii) atomic-scale crack propagation, are today under discussion in the light of the literature, regarding in particular recent experimental results and theory about grain boundary wetting, intergranular penetration, and the correlation between surface energy and crack propagation rate.

Publisher

Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.

Subject

General Engineering

Reference13 articles.

1. C. Beal, et al., Embrittlement of a zinc coated high manganese TWIP steel, Materials Science and Engineering A, 2012, 543, 76-83.

2. C.W. Lee, Liquid-metal-induced embrittlement of Zn-coated hot stamping steel, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2012, 43, 5122-5127.

3. E. Tolf, J. Hedegard, A. Melander, Surface breaking cracks inresistance spot welding of dual phase steels with electrogalvanised and hot dip zinc coating, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2013, 18, 25-32.

4. D.R. Sigler, et al., Observations of liquidmetal-assisted cracking in resistance spot welds of zinc-coated advanced high-stregth steels, Sheet Metal Welding Conference XIII, Livonia, Michigan, May 14-16, (2008).

5. H Kamdar, Embrittlement by liquid metals, School of engineering and applied science, University of California, Los Angeles, (1972).

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