The Correlation Between Stigma and Mental Health Disorders in People Living with HIV/AIDS

Abstract

Stigma remains a significant challenge for people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA) despite the advances that have been made in HIV care and treatment. It is known to affect health care outcomes including care seeking habits and medication adherence. In addition to contributing to poor health outcomes, stigma is known to increase the risk of developing mental health disorders. Various researchers have found a correlation between stigma and mental health disorders including depression, anxiety, mental distress, stress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicidal ideation. The aim of this review is to explore the association between stigma and mental health disorders in PLWHA. It identifies common mental health disorders found in people living with HIV and how these disorders are linked to stigma. The review also identifies how stigma and mental health disorders affect healthcare outcomes of PLWHA. The review concludes by providing a number of measures that can help to end stigma and improve overall health outcomes of PLWHA. Keywords: stigma, HIV-related stigma, HIV/AIDS, mental health disorders, people living with HIV/AIDS