Gabapentin Therapy of Hiccups

Author:

Thompson Dennis F1,Brooks Krista G2

Affiliation:

1. Dennis F Thompson PharmD FASHP FCCP, Dean and Nelson M. Sims Endowed Chair, College of Pharmacy, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, Weatherford, OK

2. Krista G Brooks PharmD, Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether gabapentin is effective in the treatment of persistent or intractable hiccups. DATA SOURCES: A search of MEDLINE (1966-March 2013) using the MeSH search terms gabapentin, hiccups, and hiccups/drug therapy was performed. Additional databases searched included Web of Science (1945-March 2013) and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970-March 2013) using the text words gabapentin and hiccups. Bibliographies of relevant articles were reviewed for additional citations. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All data sources were considered for inclusion. Preference was given for articles written in English, although one abstract in German was used. DATA SYNTHESIS: Because of the low incidence of persistent or intractable hiccups, few if any controlled clinical trials are conducted on the efficacy of drug treatment. Therefore, most of the data involve case reports or case series. We evaluated 17 case reports and 2 case series involving gabapentin therapy for persistent or intractable hiccups. Therapeutic outcomes with gabapentin were positive in all cases, with temporal evidence suggesting an effect, but outcomes often were obscured by combination therapy and comorbidities in some cases. Case reports suggest that gabapentin might be useful as a second-line agent in patients undergoing stroke rehabilitation or in the palliative care setting where chlorpromazine adverse effects are undesirable. Gabapentin was very well tolerated, with only a few minor adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: Gabapentin has a similar body of evidence as other pharmacotherapeutic agents used to treat hiccups. Gabapentin is well tolerated and should be considered as a second-line agent in selected patients.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Pharmacology (medical)

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