Author:
Dubberke Erik R.,Gerding Dale N.,Classen David,Arias Kathleen M.,Podgorny Kelly,Anderson Deverick J.,Burstin Helen,Calfee David P.,Coffin Susan E.,Fraser Victoria,Griffin Frances A.,Gross Peter,Kaye Keith S.,Klompas Michael,Lo Evelyn,Marschall Jonas,Mermel Leonard A.,Nicolle Lindsay,Pegues David A.,Perl Trish M.,Saint Sanjay,Salgado Cassandra D.,Weinstein Robert A.,Wise Robert,Yokoe Deborah S.
Abstract
Previously published guidelines are available that provide comprehensive recommendations for detecting and preventing healthcare-associated infections. The intent of this document is to highlight practical recommendations in a concise format designed to assist acute care hospitals in implementing and prioritizing their Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) prevention efforts. Refer to the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America/Infectious Diseases Society of America “Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections” Executive Summary and Introduction and accompanying editorial for additional discussion.1. Increasing rates of CDIC. difficile now rivals methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as the most common organism to cause healthcare-associated infections in the United States.a. In the United States, the proportion of hospital discharges in which the patient received the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision discharge diagnosis code for CDI more than doubled between 2000 and 2003, and CDI rates continued to increase in 2004 and 2005 (L. C. McDonald, MD, personal communication, July 2007). These increases have been seen in pediatric and adult populations, but elderly individuals have been disproportionately affected. CDI incidence has also increased in Canada and Europe.b. There have been numerous reports of an increase in CDI severity.c. Most reports of increases in the incidence and severity of CDI have been associated with the BI/NAP1/027 strain of C. difficile. This strain produces more toxins A and B in vitro than do many other strains of C. difficile, produces a third toxin (binary toxin), and is highly resistant to fluoroquinolones.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),Epidemiology
Reference61 articles.
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