The Emerging Nosocomial PathogensCryptosporidium, Escherichia coli0157: H7,Helicobacter pylori, and Hepatitis C: Epidemiology, Environmental Survival, Efficacy of Disinfection, and Control Measures

Abstract

AbstractNew and emerging infectious diseases pose a threat to public health and may be responsible for nosocomial outbreaks.Cryptosporidium parvumandEscherichia coliare gastrointestina pathogens that have caused nosocomial infections via person-to-person transmission, environmental contamination, or contaminated water or food.Helicobacter pylorihas been transmitted via inadequately disinfected endoscopes. Finally, hepatitis C may be acquired by healthcare personnel by percutaneous or mucous membrane exposure to blood or between patients by use of contaminated blood products or via environmental contamination. Rigorous adherence to Standard Precautions, Contact Precautions for patients with infectious diarrhea, disinfection of environmental surfaces, and appropriate disinfection of endoscopes are adequate to prevent nosocomial acquisition of these pathogens.