Endothelial dysfunction as the typical pathological state

Abstract

The problems considered in the review are: mechanisms of formation of physiological and pathological endothelium phenotypes, endothelium involvment in hematovascular homeostasis, immune processes, inflammation, systemic inflammatory response. The reversibility of endothelial dysfunction, participation in hematovascular homeostasis, immune processes, inflammation, systemic inflammatory reaction, etc. are discussed. The validity conventional term «endotheliitis» for endothelial dysfunction in various diseases, including COVID-19 is analysed. We accept that endothelial dysfunction is a kind of pathological condition having both common features in many diseases and some features depending on the dominance of a particular phenotype (in sepsis, hypovolemic shock, etc.). The concept of endothelial dysfunction as the universal mechanism of endogenization and generalization of pathological process is proved. The development of methods affected on the phenotype and mechanisms of endothelial remodeling is a promising area of scientific research.