MAGNETIC CONVECTION-RADIATION INTERACTION IN WAVY POROUS TRIANGULAR CONTAINERS USING HYBRID NANOFLUIDS: ENTROPY ANALYSIS

Abstract

The free convection in triangular enclosures can be found in various practical applications such as microelectronic devices, design of building roofs and attics, geophysical applications, solar collector electric machinery, ventilation in rooms, and cooling of electronic devices. Therefore, this study aims to examine the free convection in sinusoidal, wavy porous triangle-shaped containers full of Al₂O₃-CuO/water hybrid nanosuspension under the impacts of internal heat generation, inclined Lorentz force, and thermal radiation. The two heating mechanisms are classified into two distinct situations: Case 1 (C1) is a triangle-shaped domain that has a heated portion on the left edge and the lower edge is cold; Case 2 (C2) is a triangle-shaped domain with a cold part on the left edge and a lower heated wavy edge. The dimensionless forms of governing system with the considered conditions are transformed numerically using the finite elements approach via the characteristic-based split (CBS) algorithm. The gained outcomes are portrayed graphically via streamlines, isotherms, entropy features, and the Bejan issue. The heat transfer rate and fluid flow in view of internal heated and wavy walls play a significant role. The influence of the magnetic force highly controls the flow structures inside the cavity; fluid velocity moves in below the heated wavy surface because of the magnetic force performed in the incline orientation. The growth in the undulation number weakens the highest absolute value of the streamlines, or the convective case strength in the cavity. The vertical temperature increases the nanoparticle volume fraction and (St)_avg into the cavity at α = 30° to 60°.