1. 1Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location ‘AMC’, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
2. 2Faculty of Health, Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Amsterdam University of Applied Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
3. 3Division of Nursing, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden;
4. 4Function of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden;
5. 5Department of Intensive Care, Hospital de Sabadell, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain;
6. 6Autonomous University of Barcelona, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain;
7. 7Acute Intensive Care Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation, Manchester, United Kingdom;
8. 8Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom;
9. 9Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand;
10. 10Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
11. 11Department of Intensive Care, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands;
12. 12Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy;
13. 13Division of Emergency Medicine-Critical Care, Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York;
14. 14Critical Care Medicine, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom;
15. 15Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom;
16. 16Humanitarian and Conflict Response Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom;
17. 17Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol–Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand;
18. 18Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location ‘AMC’, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
19. 19Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand;
20. 20Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy;
21. 21Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy;
22. 22Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Mahosot Hospital, University of Oxford, Vientiane, Lao People’s Democratic Republic;
23. 23Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, MedicineGalway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland;
24. 24School of Medicine, Disciplines of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland;
25. 25School of Medicine, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy;
26. 26Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China;
27. 27Intensive Care Department, Hospital Universitari Sagrat Cor. Grupo Quironsalud, Barcelona, Spain;
28. 28Emergency Department, Hospital Universitari Sagrat Cor. Grupo Quironsalud, Barcelona, Spain;
29. 29Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain;
30. 30Institut d’ Investigacio I Innovacio Parc Taulí I3PT, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;
31. 31Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina;
32. 32School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland;
33. 33Department of Cardiovascular Anaesthesia and ICU, San Carlo Hospital, Potenza, Italy;
34. 34Section of Operational Research, Doctors with Africa CUAMM, Padova, Italy;
35. 35Intensive Care Unit, Détresse Respiratoire Infections Sévères, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France;
36. 36DMU ESPRIT-Enseignements et Soins de Proximité, Recherche, Innovation et Territoires, Université de Paris, Paris, France;
37. 37Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME), Université de Paris, Paris, France;
38. 38Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Colombes, France;
39. 39Servei de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain;
40. 40Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy;
41. 41Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand;
42. 42Expertise Center for Intensive Care Rehabilitation Apeldoorn, Gelre Hospitals Apeldoorn, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands;
43. 43Intensive Care Unit, Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, São Paulo, Brazil;
44. 44Service des Maladies Respiratoires, Centre Hospitalier D’Aix-en-Provence, Aix-en-Provence, France;
45. 45Clinical Nurse Specialist/Critical Care Consultant, Advancing Nursing LLC, Northville, Michigan;
46. 46Intensive Care Unit, Zuyderland Medisch Centrum, Location ‘Heerlen’, Heerlen, The Netherlands