A High-Performance Non-Enzymatic Sensor Based on Nickel Foam Decorated with Co-CdIn2O4 Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Detection of Glucose and Its Application in Human Serum

Abstract

Glucose concentration is an essential evaluation index for many diseases, so it is highly essential to develop a reliable sensor for quantitative glucose measurement. In this paper, based on the high conductivity of CdIn2O4, fast electron transfer rate and excellent electrocatalytic activity of transition metal Co, Co-CdIn2O4 is directly in situ grown on nickel foam conductive substrate, which has sizeable active surface area and three-dimensional interconnected properties by a simple non-aqueous sol-gel method. A series of electrochemical experiments proved that Co-CdIn2O4 material has better electrocatalytic activity than CdIn2O4. According to the detection results, it can be seen that Co-CdIn2O4/NF electrochemical sensor has high detection sensitivity for glucose, which is 13857 μA·mM−1·cm−2, a rapid response time of 1.56 s. The wide linear range of glucose is from 1–1 × 103 μM, and a low detection limit of 0.08 μM. At the same time, the prepared sensor also showed good selectivity and long-term stability. The recovery rates of glucose quantitative test in human serum samples are between 101.4% and 103.3%. All the above results demonstrate that the Co-CdIn2O4/NF sensor has promising usages in the direction of non-enzymatic glucose sensing.