Additive manufacturing and topology optimization of magnetic materials for electrical machines

Abstract

THE PURPOSE. To consider the technologies for the manufacture of permanent magnets and their areas of application. To identify global trends in the change in demand for rare earth metals. To study the prospects for the development of additive production of polymer magnetic materials. METHODS. When studying this issue, an analysis of a wide range of domestic and foreign sources of scientific literature was used. RESULTS. Prospective technologies for the additive production of polymer magnetic materials for a variety of applications have been studied. The need to establish a relationship between the properties of the starting material, the diameters of the extrusion nozzles, the printing parameters, as well as the mechanical and functional properties of the resulting magnets is indicated. CONCLUSION. This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the application of additive manufacturing, topology optimization and their integration for electrical machines and their magnetic components. Additive manufacturing technologies such as 3D printing, BAAM - the technology has potential advantages such as lower production costs, elimination of the need to make molds, the ability to create permanent magnets with field profiles and magnetic properties that cannot be obtained using modern methods. The considered technologies can be used as a tool in the design and development of innovative magnets for electric motors, which will make the most of the magnetic flux and thereby increase the energy efficiency of drive systems. This will allow rapid prototyping of parts and reduce the time to market for new products.