Associations of polymorphisms of some genes with cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents from Novosibirsk

Abstract

Aim of the study was to investigate the association of polymorphisms of some genes with overweight and certain anthropometric and biochemical parameters in a population sample of adolescents in Novosibirsk. Material and methods. In 2019, a population-based screening of a representative sample of adolescents (609 people) was carried out in Novosibirsk. All children and their parents signed an informed consent for the examination. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of SB RAS. During the examination, a questionnaire was filled out, anthropometric measurements were carried out, blood sampling was carried out, followed by a biochemical study. 157 people (75 boys (47.8 %), 82 girls (52.2 %)) were selected for molecular genetic analysis using tables of random numbers. The weight status of adolescents was assessed using the IOTF (International Obesity Task Force) criteria. The subsequent analysis compared 2 groups: 1st group included teenagers with weight deficiency and normal body weight), the 2nd – with overweight, obesity and extreme obesity). Results. In the general group, differences in carriers of different genotypes of the rs9939609 FTO gene were found in the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p = 0,024). The girls with the AA rs9939609 genotype had the greatest average thickness of the skin fold in the middle third of the right shoulder. Differences were found in carriers of different genotypes rs7903146 of TCF7L2 gene in the average fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level (p = 0,021). The average thickness of the skin fold in the middle third of the right shoulder was greater in girls carrying the CC genotype compared with carriers of the CT and TT genotypes (p = 0,041). In separate subgroups, in carriers of different genotypes of rs10811661 CDKN2AB gene were found differences in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, FPN, and waist circumference, in nucleotide sequence variant (NSV) rs2237892 KCNQ1 gene carriers – in triglyceride, FPG, LDL-C and total cholesterol concentration, in rs1111875 HHEX gene carriers – in total cholesterol, LDL-C level, waist and hip circumference, thickness of the skin fold under the scapula, diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions. Associations of the studied NSV (rs9939609, rs7903146, rs10811661, rs2237892, rs1111875) were found in the group as a whole and in separate subgroups (with division by body mass index, gender), with anthropometric and biochemical parameters, such as total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, FPN content, diastolic blood pressure, waist and hip circumferences, thickness of the skin fold under the scapula and in the middle third of the right shoulder. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequencies of studied NVS genotypes and alleles between the 1st and 2nd groups.