1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
2. Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
3. Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Waseda, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
4. Biomaterials Center, National Institute for Materials Science, Fellow 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
5. Division of Biomedical Materials and Systems, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.