An Association Study of <b><i>ESR</i></b>1–<b><i>Xba</i></b>I and <b><i>Pvu</i></b>II Gene Polymorphism in Migraine Susceptibility in the Jammu Region

Abstract

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Migraine is a neurovascular disorder and is clinically characterized by episodic attacks of mild to severe headaches. Due to the involvement of multiple environmental and genetic factors, it has become a much more complex neurological condition to understand. Apart from the environmental variables, a plethora of genes have been implicated, and one such example is <i>ESR</i>1. The present study was focused to find out the association of two important polymorphisms, namely, <i>Pvu</i>II and <i>Xba</i>I of the <i>ESR</i>1 with migraine in the population of Jammu and Kashmir (UT). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The PCR-RFLP genotyping method was utilized to detect <i>Pvu</i>II and <i>Xba</i>I polymorphism, and the result was confirmed by statistical analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Although we did not find a signification association of <i>ESR</i>-<i>Pvu</i>II polymorphism with migraine susceptibility {OR: 1.14 at 95% CI [0.76–1.71] (<i>p</i> value 0.5)}, a strong association was found with the clinical subtype of migraine; migraine with aura (MA) {OR: 2.014 at 95% CI [1.069–3.792] (<i>p</i> value 0.028)}. Furthermore, a significant association of <i>ESR</i>-<i>Xba</i>I polymorphism was observed with migraine {OR: 1.908 at 95% CI [1.252–2.907] (<i>p</i> value 0.002) and its both clinical subtypes; migraine without aura (MO) {OR: 1.870 at 95% CI [1.186–2.950] (<i>p</i> value 0.006)} and MA {OR: 2.014 at 95% CI [1.069–3.792] (<i>p</i> value 0.028)}. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In conclusion, <i>ESR</i>1-<i>Xba</i>I polymorphism is significantly associated with migraine risk including both subtypes (MA and MO) in the North Indian population of Jammu.