A Comparative Analysis of Graphene Cladding Rectangular Waveguides Filled with Various Materials for 1.65 THz Ablation System

Abstract

Today, cancer diagnosis and treatment with the THz radiation model (THz wave ablation) is a subject of interest to researchers. The design performance of THz ablation systems depends on the design of a waveguide that will provide low-loss transmission of radiation from the antenna to the tissue. In this study, first of all, the superiority of graphene over noble metal is demonstrated. Then, the performance of THz rectangular waveguides which use graphene cladding and different core materials such as Silicon (Si), Silica (SiO2), Zeonex, Teflon, and PMMA (Polymethyl methacrylate) are comparatively investigated. The electromagnetic field distribution, transmission coefficients (S21), attenuation constant (dB/mm), and effective refractive index (neff) are analyzed in Computer Simulation Technology Studio Suit software to see the effect of various core materials on the characteristic of rectangular waveguides. Obtained simulation results show that Si, Teflon, and Zeonex have high transmission performance with ≈-0.5 dB. In addition, in the wavelength range where the operating performance of the waveguide is examined, Teflon and Zeonex perform well with an attenuation constant of less than 0.096 dB/mm. Electric field distributions of Teflon and Zeonex confirm that the transmission performance is better than others. In conclusion, Teflon and Zeonex materials are handy and promising for the 1.65 THz ablation system.