Precision medicine in the era of CRISPR-Cas9: evidence from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Abstract

Abstract This article explores the possibilities and challenges of genetic testing, genetic counseling, and genome editing (collectively referred to in this piece as precision medicine) in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the era of CRISP-Cas9. It is informed by recent developments in the field which reached new heights in the radar of global awareness in the wake of the research scandal from China in November of 2018. The scandal generated intense debates, some of it still ongoing, regarding the appropriate boundaries for scientific research on human DNA. Bearing on independent developments within this country, complemented with global events, the article covers several grounds related to the topic, including: the nature and limits of emerging legislation; measures of genetic testing and genetic counseling; public engagement meant to increase awareness among stakeholders, beginning with the public, regarding these novel technologies; and corresponding bioethical and social implications. BH decision makers must work to ensure that socioeconomic factors do not pose obstacles to healthcare access, including matters bordering on precision medicine, and they must strive to realize standards for citizens, whether in healthcare delivery, research, or general educational services, that do not lag behind the rest of Europe. The route to reaching these governance goals will be through well-timed legislation, level-headed implementation, and diligent legislative oversight of the work of administrative agencies.