1. Bertrand de Jouvenal, Sovereignty (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1957), pp. 98–99.
2. C. H. Dood, “Political Succession in the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey,” in Peter Calvert, ed., The Process of Political Succession (London: Macmillan, 1987), p. 82.
3. Robbins Burling, The Passage of Power: Studies in Political Succession (New York: Academic Press, 1974), p. 214.
4. See, for example: Peter Calvert, “The Theory of Political Succession” in Calvert, ed., The Process of Political Succession, pp. 245–65; Robert Dahl, Democracy and Its Critics (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1989); Michael Saward, Democracy (London: Polity Press, 2003); Joseph A. Schumpeter, Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy (London: Allen and Unwin, 1943).
5. For a review of this phenomenon in theory and a critique of practice, see Richard A. Brody, Assessing the President (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1991), pp. 27–44.