1. Hans Morgenthau, Politics Among the Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1948), pp. 80–107.
2. Herbert Butterfield, “The New Diplomacy and Historical Diplomacy,” in Martin Wight et.al., Diplomatic Investigations: Essays in the Theory of International Politics (London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1966), pp. 181–192.
3. E. H. Carr, The Twenty Years’ Crisis, 1919–1939 (New York: Perennial, 2001), p. 133.
4. Nicholas Cull, “How We Got Here” in Philip Seib (ed.) Toward a New Public Diplomacy: Redirecting US Foreign Policy (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), pp. 23–48
5. Jian Wang, “Introduction: China’s Search for Soft Power,” in Jian Wang (ed.) Soft Power in China: Public Diplomacy Through Communication (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011), pp. 1–18.