Generating transition policy scenarios for university–industry collaboration in Iran using systems thinking

Abstract

The aim of this study is to build a dynamic systems model (DSM) in order to construct scenarios for the future of university–industry collaboration (UIC) in Iran. A mixed research methodology was used and six stages of scenario development were followed. To identify the key variables (forces that contribute to the promotion of UIC), the relevant innovation systems theories and literature related to UIC considering macro and micro environment was explored. A questionnaire was designed to identify the scenario driving forces of UIC in Iran and 90 respondents participated from both university and industry side. In order to construct a DSM based on Iranian context, generating and interpreting scenarios, 25 interviews were conducted with the major players of UIC including university professors, industrial experts and also experts from government institution associated with two Iranian cluster industries (Automotive and Biotechnology). These experts were selected based on a snowball sampling technique. Theme analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data and generate scenarios. A set of evolved states (exploratory and future-backwards scenarios) served to illustrate the plausible futures of UIC in Iran, and therefore to inform an improvement agenda for UIC activities.