SOUTHTRAC-GW: An Airborne Field Campaign to Explore Gravity Wave Dynamics at the World’s Strongest Hotspot

Author:

Rapp Markus1,Kaifler Bernd2,Dörnbrack Andreas2,Gisinger Sonja2,Mixa Tyler2,Reichert Robert2,Kaifler Natalie2,Knobloch Stefanie2,Eckert Ramona2,Wildmann Norman2,Giez Andreas3,Krasauskas Lukas4,Preusse Peter4,Geldenhuys Markus4,Riese Martin4,Woiwode Wolfgang5,Friedl-Vallon Felix5,Sinnhuber Björn-Martin5,Torre Alejandro de la6,Alexander Peter7,Hormaechea Jose Luis8,Janches Diego9,Garhammer Markus10,Chau Jorge L.11,Conte J. Federico11,Hoor Peter12,Engel Andreas13

Affiliation:

1. Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, and Meteorologisches Institut München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany

2. Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany

3. Einrichtung Flugexperimente, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany

4. Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany

5. Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany

6. Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Austral, LIDTUA (CIC), and CONICET, Pilar, Argentina

7. IFIBA, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina

8. Estación Astrónomicas Río Grande, Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, and CONICET, La Plata, Argentina

9. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

10. Meteorologisches Institut München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany

11. Leibniz Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Kühlungsborn, Germany

12. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany

13. Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany

Abstract

AbstractThe southern part of South America and the Antarctic peninsula are known as the world’s strongest hotspot region of stratospheric gravity wave (GW) activity. Large tropospheric winds are deflected by the Andes and the Antarctic Peninsula and excite GWs that might propagate into the upper mesosphere. Satellite observations show large stratospheric GW activity above the mountains, the Drake Passage, and in a belt centered along 60°S. This scientifically highly interesting region for studying GW dynamics was the focus of the Southern Hemisphere Transport, Dynamics, and Chemistry–Gravity Waves (SOUTHTRAC-GW) mission. The German High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO) was deployed to Rio Grande at the southern tip of Argentina in September 2019. Seven dedicated research flights with a typical length of 7,000 km were conducted to collect GW observations with the novel Airborne Lidar for Middle Atmosphere research (ALIMA) instrument and the Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) limb sounder. While ALIMA measures temperatures in the altitude range from 20 to 90 km, GLORIA observations allow characterization of temperatures and trace gas mixing ratios from 5 to 15 km. Wave perturbations are derived by subtracting suitable mean profiles. This paper summarizes the motivations and objectives of the SOUTHTRAC-GW mission. The evolution of the atmospheric conditions is documented including the effect of the extraordinary Southern Hemisphere sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) that occurred in early September 2019. Moreover, outstanding initial results of the GW observation and plans for future work are presented.

Publisher

American Meteorological Society

Subject

Atmospheric Science

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