Improving Lake-Breeze Simulation with WRF Nested LES and Lake Model over a Large Shallow Lake

Author:

Zhang Xiaoyan12,Huang Jianping13,Li Gang14,Wang Yongwei15,Liu Cheng13,Zhao Kaihui13,Tao Xinyu13,Hu Xiao-Ming6,Lee Xuhui17

Affiliation:

1. a Yale– Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Center on Atmospheric Environment/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education/International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environmental Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China

2. b School of Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China

3. c School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China

4. d School of Mathematics and Statistics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China

5. e School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China

6. f Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms and School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma

7. g School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut

Abstract

AbstractThe Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model is used in large-eddy simulation (LES) mode to investigate a lake-breeze case occurring on 12 June 2012 over the Lake Taihu region of China. Observational data from 15 locations, wind profiler radar, and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) are used to evaluate the WRF nested-LES performance in simulating lake breezes. Results indicate that the simulated temporal and spatial variations of the lake breeze by WRF nested LES are consistent with observations. The simulations with high-resolution grid spacing and the LES scheme have a high correlation coefficient and low mean bias when evaluated against 2-m temperature, 10-m wind, and horizontal and vertical lake-breeze circulations. The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) remains stable over the lake throughout the lake-breeze event, and the stability becomes even stronger as the lake breeze reaches its mature stage. The improved ABL simulation with LES at a grid spacing of 150 m indicates that the non-LES planetary boundary layer parameterization scheme does not adequately represent subgrid-scale turbulent motions. Running WRF fully coupled to a lake model improves lake-surface temperature and consequently the lake-breeze simulations. Allowing for additional model spinup results in a positive impact on lake-surface temperature prediction but is a heavy computational burden. Refinement of a water-property parameter used in the Community Land Model, version 4.5, within WRF and constraining the lake-surface temperature with observational data would further improve lake-breeze representation.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Xianyang Major Science and Technology Projects

Publisher

American Meteorological Society

Subject

Atmospheric Science

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