New Era of Air Quality Monitoring from Space: Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS)

Author:

Kim Jhoon1,Jeong Ukkyo2,Ahn Myoung-Hwan3,Kim Jae H.4,Park Rokjin J.5,Lee Hanlim6,Song Chul Han7,Choi Yong-Sang3,Lee Kwon-Ho8,Yoo Jung-Moon3,Jeong Myeong-Jae8,Park Seon Ki3,Lee Kwang-Mog9,Song Chang-Keun10,Kim Sang-Woo5,Kim Young Joon7,Kim Si-Wan1,Kim Mijin11,Go Sujung1,Liu Xiong12,Chance Kelly12,Chan Miller Christopher12,Al-Saadi Jay13,Veihelmann Ben14,Bhartia Pawan K.15,Torres Omar15,Abad Gonzalo González12,Haffner David P.16,Ko Dai Ho17,Lee Seung Hoon17,Woo Jung-Hun18,Chong Heesung1,Park Sang Seo19,Nicks Dennis20,Choi Won Jun21,Moon Kyung-Jung21,Cho Ara21,Yoon Jongmin21,Kim Sang-kyun21,Hong Hyunkee22,Lee Kyunghwa23,Lee Hana1,Lee Seoyoung1,Choi Myungje1,Veefkind Pepijn24,Levelt Pieternel F.24,Edwards David P.25,Kang Mina3,Eo Mijin3,Bak Juseon26,Baek Kanghyun4,Kwon Hyeong-Ahn5,Yang Jiwon6,Park Junsung6,Han Kyung Man7,Kim Bo-Ram27,Shin Hee-Woo8,Choi Haklim9,Lee Ebony3,Chong Jihyo7,Cha Yesol10,Koo Ja-Ho1,Irie Hitoshi28,Hayashida Sachiko29,Kasai Yasko30,Kanaya Yugo31,Liu Cheng32,Lin Jintai33,Crawford James H.13,Carmichael Gregory R.34,Newchurch Michael J.35,Lefer Barry L.36,Herman Jay R.37,Swap Robert J.15,Lau Alexis K. H.38,Kurosu Thomas P.39,Jaross Glen15,Ahlers Berit14,Dobber Marcel40,McElroy C. Thomas41,Choi Yunsoo42

Affiliation:

1. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea

2. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea, and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland

3. Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea

4. Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea

5. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea

6. Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea

7. Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea

8. Gangneung Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea

9. Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea

10. Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea

11. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea, and Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

12. Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts

13. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia

14. ESTEC, ESA, Noordwijk, Netherlands

15. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

16. Science Systems and Applications Inc., Lanham, Maryland

17. Korea Aerospace Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea

18. Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea

19. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, and Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea

20. Ball Aerospace and Technology Corp., Boulder, Colorado

21. National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, South Korea

22. Pukyong National University, Busan, and National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, South Korea

23. Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, and National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, South Korea

24. Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, and Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands

25. National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado

26. Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea, and Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts

27. Ewha Womans University, Seoul, and Korea Aerospace Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea

28. Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

29. Nara Women’s University, Nara, and Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan

30. National Institute of Information and Communication Technology, Tokyo, Japan

31. Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan

32. University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China

33. Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China

34. University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa

35. University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama

36. NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

37. Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland

38. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong

39. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California

40. EUMETSAT, Darmstadt, Germany

41. York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

42. University of Houston, Houston, Texas

Abstract

AbstractThe Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) is scheduled for launch in February 2020 to monitor air quality (AQ) at an unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution from a geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) for the first time. With the development of UV–visible spectrometers at sub-nm spectral resolution and sophisticated retrieval algorithms, estimates of the column amounts of atmospheric pollutants (O3, NO2, SO2, HCHO, CHOCHO, and aerosols) can be obtained. To date, all the UV–visible satellite missions monitoring air quality have been in low Earth orbit (LEO), allowing one to two observations per day. With UV–visible instruments on GEO platforms, the diurnal variations of these pollutants can now be determined. Details of the GEMS mission are presented, including instrumentation, scientific algorithms, predicted performance, and applications for air quality forecasts through data assimilation. GEMS will be on board the Geostationary Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite 2 (GEO-KOMPSAT-2) satellite series, which also hosts the Advanced Meteorological Imager (AMI) and Geostationary Ocean Color Imager 2 (GOCI-2). These three instruments will provide synergistic science products to better understand air quality, meteorology, the long-range transport of air pollutants, emission source distributions, and chemical processes. Faster sampling rates at higher spatial resolution will increase the probability of finding cloud-free pixels, leading to more observations of aerosols and trace gases than is possible from LEO. GEMS will be joined by NASA’s Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) and ESA’s Sentinel-4 to form a GEO AQ satellite constellation in early 2020s, coordinated by the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS).

Publisher

American Meteorological Society

Subject

Atmospheric Science

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