Comparisons of Baseline Demographics, Clinical Presentation, and Long-Term Outcome Among Patients With Early, Late, and Very Late Stent Thrombosis of Sirolimus-Eluting Stents

Abstract

Background— Stent thrombosis (ST) after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation has not yet been adequately characterized, mainly because of its low incidence. Methods and Results— The Registry of Stent Thrombosis for Review and Reevaluation (RESTART) is a Japanese nationwide registry of sirolimus-eluting stent–associated ST comprising 611 patients with definite ST (early [within 30 days; EST], 322 patients; late [between 31 and 365 days; LST], 105 patients; and very late [>1 year; VLST], 184 patients). Baseline demographics, clinical presentation, and long-term outcome of sirolimus-eluting stent–associated ST were compared among patients with EST, LST, and VLST. Baseline demographics were significantly different according to the timing of ST. Characteristic demographic factors for LST/VLST versus EST identified by multivariable model were hemodialysis, end-stage renal disease not on hemodialysis, absence of circumflex target, target of chronic total occlusion, prior percutaneous coronary intervention, and age <65 years. For LST versus VLST, they were hemodialysis, heart failure, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and low body mass index. Patients with LST had a significantly higher rate of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction grade 2/3 flow (36%) at the time of ST than those with EST (13%) ( P <0.0001) and VLST (17%; P <0.0001). Mortality rate at 1 year after ST was significantly lower in patients with VLST (10.5%) compared with those with EST (22.4%; P =0.003) or LST (23.5%; P =0.009). Conclusion— ST timing–dependent differences in baseline demographic features, Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction flow grade, and mortality rate suggest possible differences in the predominant pathophysiological mechanisms of ST according to timing after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation.