Coronary Heart Disease and Iron Status

Author:

Danesh John1,Appleby Paul1

Affiliation:

1. From the Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (J.D.), Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, and Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology Unit (P.A.), Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK.

Abstract

Background —Studies of iron status and coronary heart disease (CHD) have yielded conflicting results. In a systematic review (“meta-analysis”), we quantitatively assessed epidemiological associations reported in prospective studies. Methods and Results —Studies were identified by computer-assisted searches of the published literature, scanning of relevant reference lists, hand searching of relevant journals, and discussions with relevant authors. The following was abstracted: size and type of cohort, mean age, mean duration of follow-up, assay methods, degree of adjustment for confounders, and relationship of CHD risk to the baseline assay results. Twelve studies were identified, involving a total of 7800 CHD cases, with several reporting on >1 marker of iron status. For serum ferritin, with 570 CHD cases in 5 studies, comparison of individuals with baseline values ≥200 versus <200 μg/L yielded a combined risk ratio of 1.0 (95% CI, 0.8 to 1.3). For transferrin saturation, with 6194 CHD cases in 5 studies, comparison of individuals in the top third with those in the bottom third of the baseline measurements yielded a combined risk ratio of 0.9 (95% CI, 0.7 to 1.1). Comparisons of individuals in top and bottom thirds of baseline measurements also yielded nonsignificant risk ratios in combined analyses of studies involving total iron-binding capacity (combined risk ratio, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.5), serum iron (0.8; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.0), and total dietary iron (0.8; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.1). Conclusions —Published prospective studies do not provide good evidence to support the existence of strong epidemiological associations between iron status and CHD.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Physiology (medical),Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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