Nonlinear Interactions of Multiple Linearly Unstable Thermoacoustic Modes

Abstract

We investigate the dynamics of thermoacoustic systems with multiple linearly unstable modes. If a linear analysis reveals more than one mode with positive growth rate, nonlinear methods have to be used to determine the existence and stability of steady-state oscillations. One possible way to engage this problem is a first-order harmonic balance approach based on describing function representations for the flame response. In contrast to the case of a single unstable mode, the nonlinearity output to multiple sinusoidal components with different frequencies and amplitudes has to be known. Based on this approach, we present conditions for the existence and stability of single- or multi-mode steady-state oscillations. We apply this method to a thermoacoustic model system having two linearly unstable modes. By varying one of the system parameters, we find stable and unstable single-mode steady-states as well as unstable simultaneous oscillations. Associated with the stability of the single-mode limit cycles, we identify hysteresis in the oscillation type. Some related experimental observations are discussed.