1. Carol A. Rauen is an independent critical care clinical nurse specialist on the Outer Banks of North Carolina and is a staff nurse in the surgical intensive care unit at Washington Hospital Center, Washington DC.
2. Mary Beth Flynn Makic is a researcher nurse scientist for critical care and an assistant professor at the University of Colorado, Denver.
3. Elizabeth Bridges is the clinical nurse researcher at the University of Washington Medical Center in Seattle and an assistant professor at the University of Washington School of Nursing in Seattle. She is also a colonel in the US Air Force Reserve assigned to the 60th Medical Group at Travis Air Force Base, California.