Factors of Poverty of Families with Children and Prospects of Its Reduction

Abstract

The authors consider the data of Rosstat, which characterize the poverty of households and families with children in the country as a whole. The analysis was carried out taking into account the demographic characteristics of families and households, since they have a significant impact on poverty rates. The expenditures of families and households with children, income and its purchasing power of families with children, features of employment and unemployment of women with children, and living conditions of families with children are considered.The Object of the Study are families with children.The Subject of the Study is the poverty of families with children.The Purpose of the Study. Study of indicators on living conditions of families with children, and determining the main factors of poverty.The Main Provisions of the Article. Families with children are one of the most needy groups of the population, since their income is usually not sufficient to maintain an acceptable standard of living. Families with children make up the majority of all the poor.In recent years, the poverty of families with children has increased in many ways (for example, the number of poor families and their share among all poor people has increased, their income deficit has risen, irrespective of the fact that the employment of women with children in pre-school age has also increased). This indicates the lack of progress in addressing this important social problem, such as reducing poverty in families with children.The article highlights the main factors that hinder the improvement of living standards for families with children.The most important factor is the number of children in the family, as well as their age. There are more poor people in the families with a large number of children and families with children under the age of three. This is partly due to the low level of development of the network of preschool institutions, as well as to low incomes, since in such families women's employment is low. The second important factor is the fact of living in rural areas, where the birth rate is higher and the quality of life is lower. The third factor is the number of adults in the family (including those who are older than working age) who have incomes. The poverty of families with children is primarily influenced by demographic factors, the significance of which is especially high caused by low wages and small amounts of state benefits.The study will provide a better understanding of the nature and consequences of poverty of families with children in regions with different socioeconomic indicators and develop a differentiated system of measures aimed at improving their standard of living, taking into account these differences, including taking into account regional features. Further studies of the factors and extent of poverty will help to objectively assess the possibilities of influencing various factors and, in fact, the prospects for reducing poverty.