Child poverty: phenomenon and characteristics

Abstract

Child poverty occupies a special place in the fight against poverty of national governments and international organizations. Reducing child poverty and eradicating child extreme poverty should be a priority in the social and economic policy of any state. The aim of the study is to analyze child poverty in Russia, the United States and developing countries. Special attention is paid to the analysis of approaches to the study and tracking of child poverty by national systems and international organizations; the special significance of the negative impact of poverty in children on epigenetic, immunological, physiological, psychological types of adaptation at the age of 2-3 years was noted. This requires effective regulation to offset the negative impact of extreme poverty on children. it is substantiated that the policy of state aid to poor families with children in the Russian Federation should not be based on income poverty indicators. The influence of the depression of the Russian economy in 2014 on a sharp increase in the proportion of poor families with three or more children is shown. The special role of the experience of shame and threats to their dignity by poor children, which penetrate into all aspects of the life of poor children, negatively affects their future, is noted. The study of the role of the family, society, state, and international organizations in the elimination of child poverty in its extreme forms showed that the eradication of child poverty should be a top priority in any country.