Influence of hormonal stimulation and intermittent cold exposure on the mechanisms of formation of polycystic ovarian syndrome

Abstract

Introduction. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most pressing problems in gynecological endocrinology. The aim of the study was to elucidate the morphological changes in the ovaries of rats under various types of hormonal exposure in experimental modeling of PCOS. Materials and methods. To study three working experimental models were developed, associated with the introduction of various hormonal drugs into the body of an animal. Model I-st consisted of subcutaneous administration of an estrogen-containing drug at a dose of 3 mg for 25 days. Model II-d involved the development of PCOS by daily subcutaneous administration of 3 mg of dehydroandrostenediol sulfate. The III model - the formation of PCOS in 5 immature rats using dopamine phytoanalogues at a dose of 3 mg subcutaneously for 25 days. The animals were divided into 3 groups: group 1 - rats that were induced with experimental PCOS and kept in a vivarium at a temperature of +23°C (n=8), group 2 - animals that, against the background of experimental PCOS, were exposed to cold exposure (CE) for 4 hours in a chamber with a constant light regime and a temperature of + 4 °C for 25 days (n = 8); group 3 - intact control (n = 8) - healthy rats without PCOS, which were kept in a vivarium at a temperature of + 23°C. Results. Histological examination of the ovaries of group 1 rats revealed morphological changes in the ovaries characteristic of PCOS. The morphological structure of the ovaries corresponded to type II PCOS. In rats of group 3, macroscopically, the ovaries were slightly reduced in size compared to the control group. The levels of adiponectin and leptin as markers of the functional ovarian tissue of PCOS model experiments.When studying the effect of CE on the body of experimental animals, their effect on the formation of tissue cell hyperplasia as a characteristic sign of PCOS was determined. Conclusions. Studies have shown that the formation of PCOS, as well as structural changes in the ovaries, significantly depend on hormonal regulation disorders.