Cyclosporine A Inhibits Viral Infection and Release as Well as Cytokine Production in Lung Cells by Three SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Author:

Fenizia Claudio12,Galbiati Silvia3,Vanetti Claudia12,Vago Riccardo45,Clerici Mario16,Tacchetti Carlo57,Daniele Tiziana7ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Milano University Medical School, Milan, Italy

2. Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L Sacco,” Milano University Medical School, Milan, Italy

3. Complication of Diabetes Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

4. Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

5. Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy

6. IRCCS Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy

7. Cancer Imaging Unit, Experimental Imaging Centre, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 is the most recently identified member of the betacoronavirus genus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Repurposing of available drugs has been a “quick and dirty” approach to try to reduce mortality and severe symptoms in affected patients initially, and can still represent an undeniable and valuable approach to face COVID-19 as the continuous appearance and rapid diffusion of more “aggressive”/transmissible variants, capable of eluding antibody neutralization, challenges the effectiveness of some anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Cell Biology,Microbiology (medical),Genetics,General Immunology and Microbiology,Ecology,Physiology

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