Affiliation:
1. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, CJF 94 07, Pathogénie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Microorganismes Entérovirulents, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris XI, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex,1 and
2. CJF 96 07, Signalisation Moléculaire et Physiopathologie de l’Adressage des Protéines dans les Cellules Épithéliales, Faculté de Médecine Saint Antoine, UniversitéParis VI, 75012 Paris,2 France
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of severe infantile gastroenteritis worldwide. These viruses infect mature enterocytes of the small intestine and cause structural and functional damage, including a reduction in disaccharidase activity. It was previously hypothesized that reduced disaccharidase activity resulted from the destruction of rotavirus-infected enterocytes at the villus tips. However, this pathophysiological model cannot explain situations in which low disaccharidase activity is observed when rotavirus-infected intestine exhibits few, if any, histopathologic changes. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the simian rotavirus strain RRV replicated in and was released from human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells without cell destruction (N. Jourdan, M. Maurice, D. Delautier, A. M. Quero, A. L. Servin, and G. Trugnan, J. Virol. 71:8268–8278, 1997). In the present study, to reinvestigate disaccharidase expression during rotavirus infection, we studied sucrase-isomaltase (SI) in RRV-infected Caco-2 cells. We showed that SI activity and apical expression were specifically and selectively decreased by RRV infection without apparent cell destruction. Using pulse-chase experiments and cell surface biotinylation, we demonstrated that RRV infection did not affect SI biosynthesis, maturation, or stability but induced the blockade of SI transport to the brush border. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy, we showed that RRV infection induces important alterations of the cytoskeleton that correlate with decreased SI apical surface expression. These results lead us to propose an alternate model to explain the pathophysiology associated with rotavirus infection.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology
Cited by
97 articles.
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