Pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime axetil suspension in infants and children

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime axetil suspension in 28 infants and children, ranging in age from 3 months to 12 years (mean, 23 months), were studied. Mean maximum serum cefuroxime concentrations of 3.3, 5.1, and 7.0 micrograms/ml were achieved 3.6, 2.7, and 3.1 h after the administration of doses of 10, 15, and 20 mg, respectively, of cefuroxime axetil suspension per kg of body weight together with milk or milk formula. These concentrations exceed the MICs for common respiratory tract pathogens, including beta-lactamase-producing strains of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis. Following a 10- or 15-mg/kg dose, serum cefuroxime concentrations are similar to those achieved in adults following the administration of a 250-mg cefuroxime axetil tablet. There were linear relationships between dose and both maximum serum cefuroxime concentration and area under the serum drug concentration-verus-time curve. The mean half-life of cefuroxime in serum was independent of dose and ranged from 1.4 to 1.9 h. No cefuroxime axetil (intact ester) was detected in the blood. The intact ester in the urine of four children was measured; however, the amount recovered represented less than 0.1% of the administered dose.