Comparisons of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Variants in Blood and Genital Fluids near the Time of Male-to-Female Transmission

Author:

Williams-Wietzikoski Corey A.1,Campbell Mary S.2,Payant Rachel1,Lam Airin3,Zhao Hong3,Huang Hannah1,Wald Anna2456,Stevens Wendy78,Gray Glenda9,Farquhar Carey210,Rees Helen11,Celum Connie2510,Mullins James I.23410,Lingappa Jairam R.21012,Frenkel Lisa M.124610

Affiliation:

1. Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA

2. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

3. Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

4. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

5. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

6. Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA

7. Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

8. Contract Laboratory Services, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

9. Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

10. Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

11. Reproductive Health & HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

12. Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

Abstract

Mucosal transmissions account for the majority of HIV-1 infections. Identification of the viral characteristics associated with transmission would facilitate vaccine design. This study of HIV strains from transmitting males and their seroconverting female partners found that the males’ genital tract viruses were rarely distinct from the blood variants. The imputed founder viruses in women were genetically similar to both the blood and genital tract variants of their male partners, indicating a lack of evidence for genital tract-specific lineages. These findings suggest that targeting vaccine responses to variants found in blood are likely to also protect from genital tract variants.

Funder

HHS | National Institutes of Health

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology

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